Friday, May 29, 2009

Unemployment Rate

Initial claims for state unemployment insurance benefits surprised expectations by dropping for the second consecutive week yesterday. At 623,000 for the week ending May 23, initial claims dropped 13,000 from the prior week’s upwardly revised level of 636,000. Particularly important, the four-week moving average of initial claims dropped for the third straight week, reaching 626,750. This is a decline from the peak four-week moving average of 658,750 recorded in the week ending April 4. Although the labor markets continue to be weak, the drop in initial claims in both the weekly and the four-week moving average are positive developments.

However, continuing claims in the week ending May 16 reached a record high for the 17th consecutive week at 6.788 million. Continuing claims are representative of those that are still receiving unemployment benefits. Although the weekly initial claims figures have declined, the continued rise in continuing claims is troublesome as more an more workers remain unemployed. At the end of recessions, the continuing claims figure typically moderates as workers begin finding employment. So far this data point shows no moderation.

To gain some perspective on our current unemployment rate and recession versus previous downturns, below are a couple of Bureau of Labor Statistics graphs. The first showing the acceleration in the unemployment rate (%) since the beginning of last year... (Click on graph for full size image)















...and the unemployment rate (%) from 1970 until April 2009.














As you can see we are close to the level reached in the mid 1970's recession, but still below the peak level reached in the early 1980's recession. However, we are well above both unemployment levels reached in the past 20 years. While the Federal government has the unemployment rate peaking around 10% later this year, some economics believe the number could reach as high as 12% before the recession ends. It should noted that the government stress tests for the banks were based on unemployment of 10%, so a number above 10% could have an adverse impact on US banks' capital requirements.